Photosynthesis

Farming

Plant biomass/refuse

Digestate/biofertiliser

Fodder

Animal refuse

Animal refuse

Animal product

Effluent/digestible

refuse

Biogas plant

Processing industry

Gas grid

Households and

communities

Electric grid

Vehicle fuel

Biogas production

and upgradation

Organic fractions

Gas

Atmosphere

CO2

O2

H2O

Plant biomass/refuse

Heat and power

Figure 29.2

Schematic representation of process involved in life cycle of biodegradable refuse (waste) from start to end considering biorefinery concept.